Yintoni ungcoliseko lwamanzi?
Ungcoliseko lwamanzi lubhekisa kumanqanaba angaqhelekangakwiindidi ezintlanu eziphambili zeempawu zamanzi avela kumthombo—iimpawu zeemvakalelo, ungcoliseko olungabonakaliyo, ungcoliseko lwezinto eziphilayo, iintsholongwane, kunye ne-radioactivity—ezichaphazela inkqubo yokuveliswa kwamanzi kunye nolawulo lomgangatho wokungcola ukuya kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo, nto leyo ebeka umngcipheko kukhuseleko lwamanzi okusela kunye nempilo yabantu.
Ungcoliseko lwamanzi lwenzeka xa imisebenzi yabantu itshintsha iimpawu zendalo kunye nokwakheka kwamanzi, nto leyo echaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwawo okanye ebeka impilo yabantu esichengeni. Lunokwahlulwa lube ziintlobo ezine:
1. Ungcoliseko lwendalo: Ukuwohloka kwevumba, incasa, inkangeleko, kunye nokungafihlisi emva kokuba ungcoliseko lungene emanzini endalo.
2. Ungcoliseko olusemzimbeni: Izinto ezingcolisayo ezitshintsha iimpawu zamanzi, ezinje ngobushushu, izinto ezinemisebe, ioyile, kunye negwebu.
3. Ungcoliseko lweekhemikhali: Izinto ezingcolisayo ezitshintsha iimpawu zeekhemikhali zamanzi, kuquka ii-asidi, ii-alkali, iityuwa, izinto ezinobungozi, kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane.
4. Ungcoliseko lwezinto eziphilayo: Ukungeniswa kweentsholongwane ezibangela izifo emanzini, ezinokusasaza izifo ezahlukeneyo ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo.
Yintoni ebangela ingozi ebangelwa kukungcoliswa kwamanzi?
Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, amanzi anomlinganiselo othile weoksijini enyibilikisiweyo, ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yasemanzini kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiimpendulo zokunciphisa ioksijini ezikhuthaza ukuguqulwa kunye nokuwohloka kokungcola—okuyenza ibe yinto ephambili kumandla endalo okuzihlambulula emanzini.
Ukukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka asekhaya ane-nitrogen eninzi, i-phosphorus, kunye ne-potassium, kunye nokubola kwezinto eziphilayo, kukhupha izondlo ezibangela iintyatyambo ze-algal kunye nokukhula kakhulu kwezityalo. Oku kukhokelela ekujikelezeni kwamanzi kakubi, ukwehla okukhulu kweoksijini enyibilikisiweyo, kwanokwakheka kweendawo eziphelelwe yioksijini. Ngenxa yoko, izityalo zasemanzini ziyafa ngamanani amakhulu, amanzi ajika abe mnyama, akhuphe ivumba elibi, aze aguquke abe “ngamachibi afileyo,” “imilambo efileyo,” okanye “iilwandle ezifileyo,” ekugqibeleni zibe yimigxobhozo. Le meko yaziwa ngokuba yi-eutrophication. Amanzi e-eutrophic abonakala ngamavumba anamandla, umbala onzulu, kunye nomxholo ophezulu weebhaktheriya—okwenza ukuba angafaneleki ukusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kwaye adla ngokubangela ukufa kweentlanzi ezininzi.
Umonakalo wamanziUngcoliseko lunokubonwa kwiindawo ezintathu eziphambili:
1.Ukonakalisa okusingqongileyo: Kukhokelela ekunciphiseni okanye ekutshabalaleni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana, kunciphisa ixabiso lezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo, kwaye kuphazamisa ulungelelwaniso lwendalo.
2.Umonakalo kwimveliso: Amanzi angcolileyo angaphumeleliyo ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yemizi-mveliso okanye yezolimo anokubangela ukwehla kwesivuno kunye nelahleko kwezoqoqosho.
3.Ubungozi kwimpilo yabantu: Ukusela amanzi angcolileyo kunokubangela ityhefu ebukhali okanye engapheliyo, umhlaza, izifo ezosulelayo, kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo. Ngaphandle kokugula ngokwasemzimbeni, iziphumo ezingathandekiyo zeemvakalelo zamanzi angcolileyo zinokuchaphazela ubomi bemihla ngemihla babantu kunye nempilo-ntle yeemvakalelo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-01-2026